作者：雷静//李淑静//饶玉芳
页数：237
出版社：清华大学出版社
出版日期：2020
ISBN：9787302569084
电子书格式：pdf/epub/txt
内容简介
本书通过浅显易懂的英文概述了文化人类学的主要理论和方法，并通过系统的分析，解释和比较不同族群的语言交流，经济活动，亲属系统，性别关系等文化现象和风俗习惯，揭示了全人类文化的共性和特性。本书适用于非英语专业高年级的英语选修课或者英语专业低年级的通识课程。本书以文化人类学为内容，英文为载体，不仅可以提高大学生的英语阅读能力，而且可以帮助他们了解和欣赏世界文化的多样性，增强靠前视野。通过对比和分析不同文化现象，培养学生在中国日益崛起的大背景下的独立思考能力和批判性思维。
作者简介
现任纽约州立大学 Oswego 分校 (State University of New York – Oswego) 人类学系系副教授。在美国长期从事人类语言学和文化人类学的研究工作，在国际杂志及刊物上发表多篇论文； 现担任《考古学及人类学杂志》主编；担任《语言人类学》及《跨文化语用学》等国际权威杂志审稿人；担任纽约州华人专家学者联合会副秘书长；是美国人类学协会、美国语言学协会、亚州研究协会会员。
本书特色
从人类学视角介绍全球文化以文化人类学为内容，英文为载体，不仅可以提高大学生的英语阅读能力，而且可以帮助他们了解和欣赏世界文化的多样性，增强国际视野。
以文化人类学为内容，英文为载体，不仅可以提高大学生的英语阅读能力，而且可以帮助他们了解和欣赏世界文化的多样性，增强国际视野。通过对比和分析不同文化现象，培养学生在中国日益崛起的大背景下的独立思考能力和批判性思维。
目录
Chapter 1 Introduction: What Is Anthropology?…………………………1
1.Introduction………………………………………………….2
2. Physical/Biological Anthropology…………………………….3
3.Archaeology………………………………………………….4
4. Linguistic Anthropology…………………………………….5
5. Cultural Anthropology…………………………………………6
6.Conclusion……………………………………………………..7 Chapter 2 What Is Culture?……………………………………….11
1.Introduction……………………………………………………..12
2. Main Features of Culture………………………………………….13
3. Cultural Transmission (Enculturation)……………………………14
4. Cultural Changes………………………………………………15
5. Cultural Universals vs. Cultural Differences………….. … ……..16
6.Conclusion…………………………………………………..17
Chapter 3 Understanding and Explaining Culture……………………23
1.Introduction…………………………………………………..24
2. Nineteenth-Century Evolutionism………………………………….25
3. Boasian Anthropology……………………………………………26
4. French Sociology & British Functionalism…………………………..27
5. Materialist Approaches…………………………………………..28
6. Structuralism & Cognitive Anthropology…………………………….29
7. Recent Theories…………………………………………………30
8. Conclusion……………………………………………………31 Chapter 4 Methods of Cultural Anthropology…………………………..37
1. Introduction…………………………………………………….38
2. Ethnography in a Historical Perspective……………………… ….39
3. Stages of Field Research………………………………………….40
4. Data Collection Techniques……………………………………….41
5. Conclusion………………………………………………………43 Chapter 5 Language and Communication……………………………..49
1. Introduction…………………………………………………..50
2. Uniqueness of Human Language…………………………………….50
3. Origin and History of Language…………………………………..51
4. Language and Cognition………………………………………….53
5. Major Fields of Structural Linguistics……………………………54
6. Other Branches of Linguistics……………………………………55
7. Sociolinguistics……………………………………………….56
8. Non-Verbal Communication……………………………………….58
9. Conclusion…………………………………………………….59 Chapter 6 Subsistence Strategies……………………………………63
1. Introduction……………………………………………………64
2. Foraging……………………………………………………….65
3. Horticulture…………………………………………………..67
4. Pastoralism…………………………………………………….68
5. Intensive Agriculture………………………………………..70
6. Industrialized Agriculture……………………………………71
7. Conclusion………………………………………………….73 Chapter 7 Economic Systems…………………….. ……………77
1. Introduction…………………………………………………78
2. Modes of Production…………………………………………..79
3. Modes of Distribution…………………………………………81
4. Modes of Consumption………………………………………….85
5. Conclusion…………………………………………………..87 Chapter 8 Marriage and the Family………………………………..91
1. Introduction…………………………………………………92
2. Marriage: An Overview…………………………………………93
3. Marriage Rules……………………………………………….94
4. Marriage and Economic Exchange…………………………………98
5. Forms of the Family…………………………………………..99
6. Residence Patterns…………………………………………99
7. Conclusion………………………………………………….100 Chapter 9 Kinship System……………………………………….105
1. Introduction…………………………………………..106
2. Descent Groups……………………………………………107
3. Unilineal Descent Groups…………………………………..107
4. Cognatic (Non-Unilineal) Descent Groups……………………..112
5. Kinship Classification…………………………………….113
6. Conclusion……………………………………………….115
Chapter 10 Sex and Gender…………………………………….121
1. Introduction……………………………………………..122
2. Alternative Sex/Gender…………………………………….123
3. Human Sexuality…………………………………………..124
4. Rites of Passage…………………………………………..127
5. Gender Roles………………………………………………128
6. Is Male Dominance Universal?………………………………..129
7. Consequences of Gender Stratification…………………………129
8. Conclusion…………………………………………………130 Chapter 11 Social Stratification……………………………….135
1. Introduction………………………………………………..136
2. Types of Societies…………………………………………..137
3. Stratified Societies…………………………………………137
4. Race, Racism & Ethnicity……………………………………..142
5. Patterns of Ethnic Relations…………………………………..143
6. Conclusion………………………………………………….145
Chapter 12 Political Life………………………………………149
1. Introduction…………………………………………….150
2. Uncentralized Political Organizations………………………..151
3. Centralized Political Organizations…………………………..151
4. Social Control……………………………………………..153
5. Conclusion…………………………………………………159
Chapter 13 Religion and Magic…………………………………..163
1. Introduction…………………………………………………164
2. Functions of Religion…………………………………………165
3. Development of Religion……………………………………….166
4. Magic……………………………………………………166
5. Other Practices……………………………………………167
6. Types of Religious Organizations……………………………..168
7. Conclusion………………………………………………..171
Chapter 14 The Arts……………………………………….177
1. Introduction………………………………………………178
2. Visual Arts……………………………………………….179
3. Verbal Arts………………………………………………..180
4. Performing Arts…………………………………………….181
5. Popular Culture…………………………………………….182
6. Conclusion……………………………………………….184
Chapter 15 Health and Illness…………………………………189
1. Introduction……………………………………………190
2. Defining Health Problems…………………………………..191
3. A Health System…………………………………………..192
4. Three Theoretical Approaches……………………………….198
5. Global Health Issues………………………………………199
6. Conclusion……………………………………………….200
Chapter 16 Applied Anthropology…………………………………205
1. Introduction………………………………………………..206
2. Traditional Applied Anthropology………………………………207
3. Applied Cultural Anthropology…………………………………209
4. Three Theoretical Approaches to Globalization and International Development…………………………………………………..211
5. Challenges of Globalization………………………………….213
6. Conclusion…………………………………………………214
References…………………………………………………..219
Pictures…………………………………………………….229
1.Introduction………………………………………………….2
2. Physical/Biological Anthropology…………………………….3
3.Archaeology………………………………………………….4
4. Linguistic Anthropology…………………………………….5
5. Cultural Anthropology…………………………………………6
6.Conclusion……………………………………………………..7 Chapter 2 What Is Culture?……………………………………….11
1.Introduction……………………………………………………..12
2. Main Features of Culture………………………………………….13
3. Cultural Transmission (Enculturation)……………………………14
4. Cultural Changes………………………………………………15
5. Cultural Universals vs. Cultural Differences………….. … ……..16
6.Conclusion…………………………………………………..17
Chapter 3 Understanding and Explaining Culture……………………23
1.Introduction…………………………………………………..24
2. Nineteenth-Century Evolutionism………………………………….25
3. Boasian Anthropology……………………………………………26
4. French Sociology & British Functionalism…………………………..27
5. Materialist Approaches…………………………………………..28
6. Structuralism & Cognitive Anthropology…………………………….29
7. Recent Theories…………………………………………………30
8. Conclusion……………………………………………………31 Chapter 4 Methods of Cultural Anthropology…………………………..37
1. Introduction…………………………………………………….38
2. Ethnography in a Historical Perspective……………………… ….39
3. Stages of Field Research………………………………………….40
4. Data Collection Techniques……………………………………….41
5. Conclusion………………………………………………………43 Chapter 5 Language and Communication……………………………..49
1. Introduction…………………………………………………..50
2. Uniqueness of Human Language…………………………………….50
3. Origin and History of Language…………………………………..51
4. Language and Cognition………………………………………….53
5. Major Fields of Structural Linguistics……………………………54
6. Other Branches of Linguistics……………………………………55
7. Sociolinguistics……………………………………………….56
8. Non-Verbal Communication……………………………………….58
9. Conclusion…………………………………………………….59 Chapter 6 Subsistence Strategies……………………………………63
1. Introduction……………………………………………………64
2. Foraging……………………………………………………….65
3. Horticulture…………………………………………………..67
4. Pastoralism…………………………………………………….68
5. Intensive Agriculture………………………………………..70
6. Industrialized Agriculture……………………………………71
7. Conclusion………………………………………………….73 Chapter 7 Economic Systems…………………….. ……………77
1. Introduction…………………………………………………78
2. Modes of Production…………………………………………..79
3. Modes of Distribution…………………………………………81
4. Modes of Consumption………………………………………….85
5. Conclusion…………………………………………………..87 Chapter 8 Marriage and the Family………………………………..91
1. Introduction…………………………………………………92
2. Marriage: An Overview…………………………………………93
3. Marriage Rules……………………………………………….94
4. Marriage and Economic Exchange…………………………………98
5. Forms of the Family…………………………………………..99
6. Residence Patterns…………………………………………99
7. Conclusion………………………………………………….100 Chapter 9 Kinship System……………………………………….105
1. Introduction…………………………………………..106
2. Descent Groups……………………………………………107
3. Unilineal Descent Groups…………………………………..107
4. Cognatic (Non-Unilineal) Descent Groups……………………..112
5. Kinship Classification…………………………………….113
6. Conclusion……………………………………………….115
Chapter 10 Sex and Gender…………………………………….121
1. Introduction……………………………………………..122
2. Alternative Sex/Gender…………………………………….123
3. Human Sexuality…………………………………………..124
4. Rites of Passage…………………………………………..127
5. Gender Roles………………………………………………128
6. Is Male Dominance Universal?………………………………..129
7. Consequences of Gender Stratification…………………………129
8. Conclusion…………………………………………………130 Chapter 11 Social Stratification……………………………….135
1. Introduction………………………………………………..136
2. Types of Societies…………………………………………..137
3. Stratified Societies…………………………………………137
4. Race, Racism & Ethnicity……………………………………..142
5. Patterns of Ethnic Relations…………………………………..143
6. Conclusion………………………………………………….145
Chapter 12 Political Life………………………………………149
1. Introduction…………………………………………….150
2. Uncentralized Political Organizations………………………..151
3. Centralized Political Organizations…………………………..151
4. Social Control……………………………………………..153
5. Conclusion…………………………………………………159
Chapter 13 Religion and Magic…………………………………..163
1. Introduction…………………………………………………164
2. Functions of Religion…………………………………………165
3. Development of Religion……………………………………….166
4. Magic……………………………………………………166
5. Other Practices……………………………………………167
6. Types of Religious Organizations……………………………..168
7. Conclusion………………………………………………..171
Chapter 14 The Arts……………………………………….177
1. Introduction………………………………………………178
2. Visual Arts……………………………………………….179
3. Verbal Arts………………………………………………..180
4. Performing Arts…………………………………………….181
5. Popular Culture…………………………………………….182
6. Conclusion……………………………………………….184
Chapter 15 Health and Illness…………………………………189
1. Introduction……………………………………………190
2. Defining Health Problems…………………………………..191
3. A Health System…………………………………………..192
4. Three Theoretical Approaches……………………………….198
5. Global Health Issues………………………………………199
6. Conclusion……………………………………………….200
Chapter 16 Applied Anthropology…………………………………205
1. Introduction………………………………………………..206
2. Traditional Applied Anthropology………………………………207
3. Applied Cultural Anthropology…………………………………209
4. Three Theoretical Approaches to Globalization and International Development…………………………………………………..211
5. Challenges of Globalization………………………………….213
6. Conclusion…………………………………………………214
References…………………………………………………..219
Pictures…………………………………………………….229
