作者：李艳春
页数：376
出版社：科学出版社
出版日期：2022
ISBN：9787030724113
电子书格式：pdf/epub/txt
内容简介
ChinaisadiversityhotspotforfungioftheBoletaceaefamily(boletes).ManyboleteshavebeentraditionallytreatedasmembersofthegenusTylopidusbasedonthecolorofthehymenophoresorthesporeprints.TheaimsofthisbookaretodelimitandrecognizethediversitybothofthegeneraandspeciesofTylopiluss.l.inChina.OurmorphologicalandmultilocusphylogeneticstudiesrevealthatthetraditinallydefinedTylopilusspeciesclusterin19generainBoletaceae,ineludingtwonewgenera,viz.AbtylopilusYanC.Li&ZhuL.YangandAnthracoponsYanC.Li&ZhuL.Yangand17knowngenera,viz.Austroboletus(Cormer)Wolfe,ChiuaYanC.Li&ZhuL.Yang,FistulinellaHenn,HarryaHalling,Nuhn&Osmundson,HymenoboletusYanC.Li&ZhuL.Yang,IndoporusA.Parihar,K.Das,Hembrom&Vizzini,LecinellumBresinsky&Manfr.Binder,MucilopilusWolfe,PorphyrellusE-J.Gilbert,PseudoaustroboletusYanC.Li&ZhuL.Yang.RetiboletusManfr.Binder&Bresinsky,RoyoungiaCastellano,Trappe&Malajczuk,SutoriusHalling,Nuhn&NA.Fechner,TylocinwmYanC.Li&ZhuL.Yang,TylopilusP.Karst,VeloporphyelusL.D.Gomez&Singer,andZangiaYanC.Li&ZhuL.Yang.Atotalof19generaand105speciesincluding34newspeciesandfournewcombinationsaredocumentedandilustratedinthismonographicwork.Thisisareprintofthe2021edition(LiandYang2021),withminorrevisions,inaccordancewiththerelevantcontractbetweenSpringerandSciencePress.
目录
Chapter 1 Introduction 1
1.1 Ecological and economic values of boletes 1
1.2 Historical research in the Boletaceae 2
1.3 Historical classification in Tylopilus s.l 4
Chapter 2 Materials and methods 6
2.1 Materials 6
2.2 Methods 6
Chapter 3 Morphology and structures in Tylopilus s.l 22
C hapter 4 Phylogenetic results and systematic treatments of Tylopilus s.l 29
Chapter 5 Taxonomic part 33
Chapter 6 Abtylopilus Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 36
6.1 Abtylopilus alborubellus Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 37
6.2 Abtylopilus scabrosus Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 40
Chapter 7 Anthracoporus Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 43
7.1 Anthracoporus cystidiatus Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 45
7.2 Anthracoporus holophaeus (Corner) Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 48
7.3 Anthracoporus nigropurpureus (Hongo) Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 51
Chapter 8 Austroboletus (Corner) Wolfe 54
8.1 Austroboletus albidus Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 57
8.2 Austroboletus albovirescens Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 60
8.3 Austroboletus dictyotus (Boedijn) Wolfe 64
8.4 Austroboletus fusisporus (Imazeki & Hongo) Wolfe 66
8.5 Austroboletus olivaceobrunneus Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 68
8.6 Austroboletus olivaceoglutinosus K. Das & Dentinger 71
8.7 Austroboletus subvirens (Hongo) Wolfe 73
Chapter 9 Chiua Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 76
9.1 Chiua angusticystidiata Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 78
9.2 Chiua olivaceoreticulata Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 80
9.3 Chiua virens (W.F. Chiu) Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 82
9.4 Chiua viridula Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 84
Chapter 10 Fistulinella Henn 86
10.1 Fistulinella olivaceoalba T.H.G. Pham， Yan C. Li & O.V. Morozova 87
10.2 Fistulinella salmonea Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 91
Chapter 11 Harrya Halling， Nuhn & Osmundson 94
11.1 Harrya alpina Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 96
11.2 Harrya atrogrisea Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 99
11.3 Harrya chromipes (Frost) Halling， Nuhn， Osmundson & Manfr. Binder 101
11.4 Harrya moniliformis Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 104
11.5 Harrya subalpina Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 106
Chapter 12 Hymenoboletus Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 108
12.1 Hymenoboletus filiformis Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 110
12.2 Hymenoboletus griseoviridis Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 113
12.3 Hymenoboletus jiangxiensis Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 116
12.4 Hymenoboletus luteopurpureus Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 119
Chapter 13 Indoporus A. Parihar， K. Das， Hembrom & Vizzini 121
13.1 Indoporus squamulosus Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 122
Chapter 14 Leccinellum Bresinsky & Manfr. Binder 125
14.1 Leccinellum castaneum Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 127
14.2 Leccinellum citrinum Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 130
14.3 Leccinellum cremeum Zhu L. Yang & G. Wu 133
14.4 Leccinellum griseopileatum Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 134
14.5 Leccinellum onychinum Fang Li， Kuan Zhao & Q.L. Deng 137
14.6 Leccinellum sinoaurantiacum (M. Zang & R.H. Petersen) Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 139
Chapter 15 Mucilopilus Wolfe 142
15.1 Mucilopilus cinnamomeus Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 143
15.2 Mucilopilus paracastaneiceps Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 147
15.3 Mucilopilus ruber Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 150
Chapter 16 Porphyrellus E.-J. Gilbert 153
16.1 Porphyrellus castaneus Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 155
16.2 Porphyrellus cyaneotinctus (A.H. Sm. & Thiers) Singer 157
16.3 Porphyrellus griseus Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 160
16.4 Porphyrellus orientifumosipes Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 163
16.5 Porphyrellus porphyrosporus (Fr. & H?k) E.–J. Gilbert 165
16.6 Porphyrellus pseudofumosipes Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 167
16.7 Porphyrellus scrobiculatus Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 170
Chapter 17 Pseudoaustroboletus Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 173
17.1 Pseudoaustroboletus valens (Corner) Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 174
Chapter 18 Retiboletus Manfr. Binder & Bresinsky 176
18.1 Retiboletus ater Yan C. Li & T. Bau 178
18.2 Retiboletus brunneolus Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 180
18.3 Retiboletus fuscus (Hongo) N.K. Zeng & Zhu L. Yang 183
18.4 Retiboletus nigrogriseus N.K. Zeng， S. Jiang & Zhi Q. Liang 185
18.5 Retiboletus pseudogriseus N.K. Zeng & Zhu L. Yang 187
18.6 Retiboletus zhangfeii N.K. Zeng & Zhu L. Yang 189
Chapter 19 Royoungia Castellano， Trappe & Malajczuk 191
19.1 Royoungia coccineinana (Corner) Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 193
19.2 Royoungia grisea Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 195
19.3 Royoungia reticulata Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 197
19.4 Royoungia rubina Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 199
Chapter 20 Sutorius Halling， Nuhn & N.A. Fechner 201
20.1 Sutorius alpinus Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 203
20.2 Sutorius eximius (Peck) Halling， Nuhn & Osmundson 206
20.3 Sutorius microsporus Yan C. Li & Zhu L. Yang 209
20.
节选
Chapter 1 Introduction The Boletaceae Chevall.， which belongs to the Boletales (Agaricomycetes) in Basidiomycota， is a family that comprises species of fungi that produce a fleshy fruit body with tubular (or sometimes lamellar)hymenophore. In this book， we adopt the family concept as defined by Binder and Hibbett (2006)， i.e.， the fruit body is fleshy， the hymenophore is tubular or lamellate， the tube trama is often gelatinous， and the spore prints are mostly vinaceous to reddish brown. As the color and texture of this kind of fungi are supposedly similar to those of the livers of cattle， boletes are known as “Niuganjun” (cow liver) in China (Lan 1436). There are nearly 1000 species from about 80 genera described from this family worldwide， and all of them have great ecological value， and many are also economically important. 1.1 Ecological and economic values of boletes The family Boletaceae is both ecologically and economically important. Most of the species are ectomycorrhizal symbionts of woody plants， with more than ten families of plants (including Betulaceae， Dipterocarpaceae， Fagaceae， Pinaceae， Salicaceae) known to form mycorrhizal relationships with boletes. These fungi play vital roles in maintaining forest ecosystems， vegetation restoration， and water and soil protection (van der Heijden et al. 1998; Kernaghan 2005; Rinaldi et al. 2008; Eastwood et al. 2011). The symbiotic ectomycorrhizal relationships are thought to contribute to the diversification of both fungi and their host plants (Wang and Qiu 2006)， and it is thought to be this mycorrhizal association that strongly drives evolution and leads to the richness of genera and species， the diverse morphology， the complicated microscopic structure， the wide ecological distribution， and the presence of both convergent and parallel evolution in the Boletaceae (Singer 1986; Bruns et al. 1989; Binder and Bresinsky 2002a; Binder and Hibbett 2006; Nuhn et al. 2013; Wu et al. 2014， 2016a). Many species in the Boletaceae are very important worldwide as delicacies， including the species of the Boletus edulis complex， which are famous across the world markets as porcini mushrooms (Dentinger et al. 2010)， and are considered among the best of the edible fungi. During the Chinese mushroom season， it is usual to see people searching in forests for the “Huang Niugan” (Tylopilus pseudoballoui D. Chakr.， K. Das & Vizzini) or “Bai Cong” [Butyriboletus roseoflavus (M. Zang and H.B. Li) D. Arora and J.L. Frank] (Yang et al. 2021). Some species are also used in herbal medicines， or have bioactive metabolites (Heleno et al. 2011)， while other species are toxic， and perhaps even lethally so (Benjamin 1995; Matsuura et al. 2007). However， due to excessive long-term over-collection， habitat damage， and global warming， some species or populations are probably in danger of extinction. The study of boletes is therefore crucial for their conservation， utilization， and to prevent poisoning. 1.2 Historical research in the Boletaceae The type genus of the Boletaceae is Boletus L. The name Boletus was first applied to the fleshy， stipitate， poroid fungi by Dillenius in 1719 (Dillenius 1719). Linnaeus (1753) included all poroid fungi (boletes and polypores) under Boletus， but Fries (1821) accepted Dillenius’ generic concept and created infrageneric taxa within Boletus based on the presence or absence of a veil and color of the hymenium and spore print. Since the establishment of Boletus， a large number of taxonomic studies on the genus have been carried out worldwide， and a great deal of research has been published (e.g.， Peck 1873， 1887; Snell and Dick 1941; Heinemann 1951; Hongo 1963， 1968， 1974a， 1974b， 1984a，1984b， 1985; Snell and Dick 1970; Watling 1970; Smith and Thiers 1971; Corner 1972; Hongo and Nagasawa 1976; Wolfe 1979a， 1979b; Singer 1986; Binder and Bresinsky 2002a， 2002b; Nagasawa 1997; Li and Watling 1999; Watling and Li 1999; Bessette et al. 2000; Li et al. 2002; den Bakker and Noordeloos 2005; Zang 2006; Desjardin et al. 2008， 2009; Nelson 2010; Horak 2011; Neves et al. 2012). However， most of these studies focused on morphology， subcellular structure， and ecology. Species in the family Boletaceae are diverse in morphology， complicated in structure， and have wide ecological distribution. Some boletes are quite distinctive and easy to recognize， while others can be exceedingly difficult to identify due to either parallel or convergent evolution， even for experienced boletologists. Consequently， it is hard to understand the systematics and evolution of boletes effectively through a single morphological approach. This may be the reason why Boletaceae is regarded as a taxonomically difficult family. Even E.M. Fries， well-known as the “Linnaeus of fungal taxonomy” once said， “Nullum genus quam Boletorum magnis me molestavit (no genus has given me more trouble than that of the boleti)” (Bessette et al. 2000). The a
